While I understand the idea that newer cars are safer, if you get the airbag edition 80 and the kid is smart enough to wear the belts, you'll gain most of what you need in survivability vs more recent hardware. Not that every technical/safety improvement is a bad thing, it's just that most are incremental.
The primary factor in safety is still the nut behind the wheel..probably 90% of the equation.....Life is hard, we survived. By the time I was 16, I already had years of offroading and gravel 2-lane experience down on the farm. Experience already gained is probably the best determinant of future success.
On the mileage issue, yep, keeps 'em close to home.
I'm onboard if we are talking a '95-'97 for the SRS bags & ABS - until real recent I still had a stocker & the ABS works if you have reasonable stock size tires & no lift.
Screw modding it or buying a modded one for a kid, 90% of kids WILL find a ditch, a car, or whatever to bump into.
I think at least for boys, alot of us who are a generation back had more exposure to risky things the 'Xbox generation' probably hasn't- we had a designated section to park if you had a firearm in your car @ high school (going birding after or before school was a common thing for 2-3 dozen of us), we had legal fireworks, we grew up finding alternate uses for lawn darts - so for us a car wasn't our 1st exposure to "available stupidity".
I wish the Xbox generation would have made a bunch of kids who played Gran Turismo & had a jump, but the games don't translate.
-seatbelts should be drummed into kids by now, aren't they- (yet another reason for the paramedic ridealongs, seeing uncensored blood & body fluids in a wreck).
I see if you live certain places more rural where a 80 maintained is a solid answer, also from the recognizablity aspect if the 'parent network' sees a kid dicking off & driving like a tool.
Beyond that, it's really a decision made staring at your kid, they may be fine in a LS3 powered car or they might better be served by a Briggs & Stratton gokart if they are immature yet (relatively).
Them paying for a car is a double edged sword - they pay & they may respect it more, but how are you as a parent going to yard their keys their 1st screwup?
-I'd have that conversation with them, let them know insurance costs & how fast they lose your $upport there for screwing up.-