Nice truck, and glad you're willing to learn about it.
Your filters look clean, but it's not a sure way to really know how long it's been since they've been changed. Usually I change the oil right away when I buy a new vehicle. Only way to be sure about things.
The thing you pulled off your ceiling is the interior temperature sensor.
Good plan on moving forward with some gauges. Personally I left my interior/exterior temp sensor and altimeter pod intact because I find the temp sensor part useful. Especially when temps are hovering around freezing, I know to watch out for ice on the road. To each there own. Sure is a nice spot to put gauges.
Removing the EGR system is a good thing. EGR stand for Exhaust Gas Recirculation. What it does is takes some of the exhaust fumes and feeds it back into your intake under certain conditions. It is supposed to reduce emissions. But on the negative side it gunks up the intake manifold and intake ports in the cylinder head. It also clutters up the engine bay. Many of us also have removed the vacuum switching valves that control it, and the throttle butterfly plates. That might be a little much for you if you are just starting to learn about this stuff though.
There are a number of LJ78 owners who have posted photos of the process. Just search through the 70 series and diesel forums. Go here to the Megazip website (
Spare parts for Toyota LAND CRUISER/LAND CRUISER PRADO LJ78 Automobile | Buy high quality spare parts for Automobile at reasonable prices in MegaZip online shop. 6001 ) to see drawings of all the systems on your vehicle. It helps with jobs like this. Also make sure you download the Toyota manuals (linked in the first post of the 'Improving the 2LTE' thread). I learned how to work on cars just buy following the Toyota manuals whenever I did a job. They are well written.
If you can't find the threads about EGR removal, I'll dig around and find them for you.