Basically, the computer is adjusting for the mechanical advance and the vacuum advance as what the OLD cars used to have. The base timing was set, then you could change either the mechanical advance or the vacuum advance to modify your power curve to make more HP at a given RPM throughout the curve. You could ramp it up quickly, but you would lose at the top end.
The computer does it for you now. Do the paperclip and timing light to set the BASE timing. Once you unplug the paperclip, the computer takes over from there. It advances the spark based on engine RPM and intake manifold vacuum or MAF. It's all run by formulas and that's why it may make a difference if you change the MAF sensor.