Handbrake failure... Help please

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I decided to use a general-engineering circlip here (in place of the OEM contraption on the right):
Handbrake052.webp



Here it is in place:
Handbrake055.webp


And here's everything just waiting for the drum to go back on:
Handbrake056.webp


But first a little MP grease where the seal lips will be rotating:
Handbrake057.webp

And in case you haven't guessed, I'm a fan of Loctite so here's some "mild-locker"being applied on the stake-nut threads:
Handbrake058.webp
 
I did indeed leave out the pointless shim washer (and am very grateful to have had the benefit of Jim's support in doing this):
Handbrake059.webp


Decided on a torque of around 155 N-m:
Handbrake060.webp


Staked the nut (by belting a bit of thin rod directly above staking-channel):
Handbrake061.webp


I don't think that's going to come loose in a hurry:
Handbrake062.webp
 
So now it's time to turn the adjusting screw in this direction to expand the shoes. It managed to turn a couple of notches as I recall (from the completely-unadjusted start-point):

Handbrake063.webp


Then it was up here to adjust it at the thing-you-grab-hold-of:
Handbrake064.webp


I've set it for "4 clicks on the ratchet to full-on" ... but at the moment I can't remember if that's how I like it not. No doubt I'll find out when I drive it.

(The drum rotates completely freely with the lever down on the transmission-tunnel and it only take 4 clicks to get it locked up solid ... so it certainly looks to be OK like this.)

And tomorrow I'll finish up and reinstall the drive-shaft/propeller-shaft and sealant will go on here (consistant with the previously-discussed opinions of Jim and myself):
Handbrake065.webp


Oh yes....

There is "an area of difficulty" that I should have warned people about way at the beginning of all this (and it's just popped back into my head now)...

To lever that flange off (and back onto) the studs on the brake drum you must remove the zerk/nipple to let grease out of the slip-joint (and you should seriously consider removing the drive shaft altogether ... starting at the diff end ... because the slip joint needs to be compressed a much shorter distance when disconnecting there).

However if you choose to leave your driveshaft attached to your rear diff, then don't make the same I did in thinking that "maximum suspension droop" is helpfull. The opposite is true when you consider which end the shackles are placed....

Adios and thanks again for all the help here...

:beer:
 
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Tom great attention to detail as always. I also appreciate you letting your thread getting slightly derailed. Although it started on a very similar subject, it ended way off topic.

Feistl, thank you for your art work. Being a visual person it helped me immensely in understanding what you did to achieve the e-brake modification and how material thickness wasn't as important as I originally thought.

Don
 
Hi Tom,
I here you have a drought in the main land of NZ.
If the oil in my TC looked like your i would be having it analyzed by an oil tester. Your bus line probably has someone who does it for them.
The transfer case does have some bushings in the high and low gears on the output shaft. They are a steel backed bronze material. The oil could have an effect on the bronze. If turns out that the contamination is rust I would pull the PTO box for look inside of it and the TC to see what the gears look like. Never liked Castrol oils always stuck with Shell products. It could be the oil is at fault?
I suppose the rust could migrate in the TC from the speedo cable, but that would be a pretty easy check, the inner cable can be pulled out of the sheath from the bottom. I would think you would have a jumpy speedo and some noise if the cable was that bad.
If the oil has too much water in it usually goes like cream because of the whipping action of the gears.
I agree with Weber Sarge regarding the E clip.
My son has a gas Nissan Xterra beater and complains its not a diesel. He only wants to drive diesels.

Thanks jb
 
Just an opinion - but I would not replace a capture ring with an E-clip , the ring will hold better and withstand vibration/heat compared to E-clips ....Sarge

...I agree with Weber Sarge regarding the E clip....

Thanks guys..

I was very wary when fitting that E-clip too.

Trouble is, there is so little substance to the original Toyota clip that the big washer beneath was almost able to lift right out over the top!

I did try pushing that E-clip back off with my fingers and I couldn't easily do it.

And I tried putting an extra washer (a thin one) beneath the E-clip but even with the thinnest I had, I couldn't get the E-clip back on.

And I tried using a bigger E-clip (so that it came around the pin a bit further) ... but that didn't work out because I couldn't get it to grip the pin solidly enough once it was on there.

Worst thing that can happen is that it simply falls off anyway.. (The springs will still keep the washer there. And I can't see it doing much in the way of damage if it does fall off to be honest.)

Which brings me back to thinking why that other clip broke and caused my handbrake failure in the first place... I really don't know.. The pin (on which that clip sits) is not one an owner should ever need to touch ... So I think it is doubtful that I caused the failure by poor fitment of the clip. (Oh And BTW @JohnnyC ..what do you think of the absence of any washer there beneath that clip .... on my new lever-mechanism as supplied by Toyota?)

The worst mistake I appear to have made was putting the lower spring in front of the shoes when it should have been behind.. (And that would have tended to make the shoes want to pull away from the backing plate instead of sliding against it at those spots one is supposed to lube.) And that doesn't appear to be any major error to me. (I bet people do it all the time.)

And now that I've been in there again ... I retract the opinion I gave at the start that this handbrake design lacks robustness.... It now seems very SOLIDLY engineered to me (with another failure seeming highly unlikely .... even if that Eclip were to come off..)

Maybe I'll search back in my lengthy maintenance records to see if I have a record of ever doing anything to that lever-setup inside the drum. (I'll put the maintenance book in amongst the stuff I take to work today so I can go through it in a spare moment.)

So basically .....I've already staked the nut (and I might go back today and do a better job of that "staking" too) and can't think of a way to improve what I've done with that E-clip so I think I'll leave it be....

...I here you have a drought in the main land of NZ. ....

Yep. The farmers are bleating JB. And immediately the Government is handing out the dole to them and giving them tax relief etc (completely unlike they way they behave with any other business .. such as an engineering company ... faced with similar financial hardship.) And how does this not amount to "the Governmemt subsidising the farming industry" (and thereby giving it an unfair advantage on the world-trade scene)? .................(I've always wondered this.)

No doubt I've instantly gained enemies from all those with close farming connections now LOL...

...If the oil in my TC looked like your i would be having it analyzed by an oil tester. Your bus line probably has someone who does it for them.
The transfer case does have some bushings in the high and low gears on the output shaft. They are a steel backed bronze material. The oil could have an effect on the bronze. If turns out that the contamination is rust I would pull the PTO box for look inside of it and the TC to see what the gears look like. Never liked Castrol oils always stuck with Shell products. It could be the oil is at fault?
I suppose the rust could migrate in the TC from the speedo cable, but that would be a pretty easy check, the inner cable can be pulled out of the sheath from the bottom. I would think you would have a jumpy speedo and some noise if the cable was that bad.
If the oil has too much water in it usually goes like cream because of the whipping action of the gears....

I've not found any problem with Castrol products.... But then I do just as happily use brands like "Valvoline".

Shell doesn't often have discount prices.

And I try to avoid going down the path of "selecting certain more-expensive lubricants based on a perception of "better quality" because perceptions are so often based on misconceptions or even cunning salesmanship. (Brands work tirelessly to pamper their image.)

To me, buying one oil that's twice as expensive as another seems unwise when logic tells me that it is just as cheap to change the cheap oil twice as often and that doing so would probably reduce wear more effectively.. (But having said that, I'd never go for rock-bottom-price oils or those sold under obscure brands.)

I see you're skeptical of my speedo-cable theory....

I'm adamant that there's never been any water in that transfer case..

And I think that contamination is far too heavy for it to have come from any oil-additive-reaction problem. (Besides...The same oil is in use everywhere else in my transmission line with no discolouration effect.)

And I did apply heaps of grease to that speedo cable.

And I do know that that grease turned into a "yucky mess" because I remember it oozing out at the combination meter end when I last took the cable off there.

And those cables are indeed subject to a lot of wear from my experience (when dry and unlubricated)...

:meh:

.....My son has a gas Nissan Xterra beater and complains its not a diesel. He only wants to drive diesels.
Thanks jb

He's a wise man... :D

What do you think of the GL5 debate JB?

I'm going to stick with using my existing supplies of GL5 and make a decision on whether to swap to GL4 when that runs out..

And does anyone have any photographic evidence of GL5 attack on 40-series gearbox components?

:beer:
 
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GL5 is specifically better EP gear tooth lubricant. Since the T-case and diffs have large gears that are always under load, they need GL5. The transmission has no gear load in 4th gear, so vegetable oil would prolly suffice in there on the highway.

I keed, I keed.

GL4 is specified for the trans because it has brass synchro rings. I've never actually seen any accelerated wear of HD brass syncro rings due to GL5 usage. Yes, GL5 is unkind to wimpy little syncro rings in T5 trannies or subaru boxes, but Cruisers seem to be too big & stoopid to care.
 
GL5 is specifically better EP gear tooth lubricant. Since the T-case and diffs have large gears that are always under load, they need GL5. The transmission has no gear load in 4th gear, so vegetable oil would prolly suffice in there on the highway.

I keed, I keed.

GL4 is specified for the trans because it has brass synchro rings. I've never actually seen any accelerated wear of HD brass syncro rings due to GL5 usage. Yes, GL5 is unkind to wimpy little syncro rings in T5 trannies or subaru boxes, but Cruisers seem to be too big & stoopid to care.

Thanks heaps Jim... I value your expertise immensely... Looks like when my GL5 stock runs out I'll swap to GL4 then .... but there's no urgency ... Edit later: No. I'll probably still stick with GL5. I've researched a lot now and never seen any evidence to satisfy me that my continued use of GL5 will be in any way harmful..

:beer::beer::beer::beer::beer:
 
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Finished off today and I'm now in a rush to go to work .... (not because of any joy I get there .... I can assure you)...

Anyway .... Throwing the today's snaps:

This is why I no longer use fibre washers:
Handbrake066.webp


(They tend to loosen when things warm up for the first time too so you really need to go back and retorque them.)

And here's the fresh GL5 being added: :D

Handbrake067.webp


And the sealant on the flange:
Handbrake068.webp


And here's me stupidly trying to get the flange on the studs when it's 90 degrees off:
Handbrake069.webp


Bloody hard to tell whether or not you've got the line-up correct ................ at least for me anyway..

:beer:
 
Best way (to know you're trying to fit the flange onto the studs correctly) is look at the back of the flange:
Handbrake070.webp


And compare it to the imprint here (where it used to sit on the drum):
Handbrake071.webp


Here's me levering the engine/gearbox forward on it mounts to refit the drive flange:
Handbrake072.webp
 
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Hell YES! Heaps of blue loctite here to reuse the old nuts:
Handbrake074.webp

And here we go:
Handbrake073.webp


Not forgetting to replace the NIPPLE (or zerk as many of you guys call it):
Handbrake075.webp


Oops. Part left over ... so off to refit that bash plate too:
Handbrake076.webp


And I admit with shame that I find these bastards scary so when they crawl out of crevices while I'm on my back out there in my outdoor workshop .......they get squished pretty fast....
Handbrake077.webp



:beer:

Time to ram my meal in the microwave and head for the shower....

Toooodle ...ooooooooooooooooo
 
Just curious Tom wouldn't you want the suspension at full compression or as close to it as possible for ease of removal or reinstalation of the propeller shaft? Since the shackles are at the rear the axle moves further from the fixed point of the leaf spring or the transfer in this case.
 
Interesting insect , what is it ?? Looks like a cross between an earwig and cricket here ...lol .
Easiest way to remove the front yoke is remove the rear first , front will fall off then and no jamming the driveline to install the shaft .

Your original clip may have broken due to the spring possibly trying to twist the brake shoes against the arm , who knows...
Sarge
 
Just curious Tom wouldn't you want the suspension at full compression or as close to it as possible for ease of removal or reinstalation of the propeller shaft? Since the shackles are at the rear the axle moves further from the fixed point of the leaf spring or the transfer in this case.

Bloody hell.... I think you're right Roma

Maybe that's why levering that flange off the studs has always been such a pita for me? Ha ha :lol:

Looks like I never engaged my brain fully about that part of the task Eh! (Just seeing the rear wheels hang down a long way obviously made me think it was helping.)

That's another thing I'll have to go back and edit out then... Not just to try and stop people from seeing that I make stuff-ups (because I couldn't care less about that - in truth we ALL make them)... but to avoid encouraging others to follow the same stuff-ups.

BTW--- When looking through my maintenance records, I saw that I INCREASED the shim thickness behind the speedo-housing (instead of decreasing it like I said) in order to take up wear and/or increase preload .... so that's another thing I've got to go back and edit this morning..


... Just curious is that skid plate galvanized? Also thought your front bumper and frame gussets appeared to be galvanized?

Yes. All are hot-dipped.

Interesting insect , what is it ?? Looks like a cross between an earwig and cricket here ...lol .

It's a weta and they're quite a bit bigger than crickets or ear wigs.

....Easiest way to remove the front yoke is remove the rear first , front will fall off then and no jamming the driveline to install the shaft ....

Good point Sarge... I guess I didn't want to disturb my lovely paint down that end.. (And it seems I could have got away with my method a lot easier if I had thought more clearly about the "max axle droop" versus "min axle droop" as Roma has pointed out..

...Your original clip may have broken due to the spring possibly trying to twist the brake shoes against the arm , who knows...
Sarge

Yeah.. Possibly. But I've given up worrying about why it happened (and am looking forward to driving it once again today).

I did spend hours going through my maintenance records last night at work and it never revealed any difficulties there in the past. But the read was very interesting to me anyway (although I missed reading the book I would normally have been engrossed in during my breaks)....

Here's what caught my eye:

  • A roadworthy/WOF check back in the 90s cost only $5 and was still just $5.50 in the early 80s. Compare that to $55 today
  • 30 Aug 1988 @ 99900kms I replaced the transfer output seal for the first time (because it was leaking oil on the handbrake)
  • 11 May 1993 @ 150291kms I replaced the transfer output seal again and also increased the shim thickness there from 0.006" to 0.016"to take up bearing play and increase bearing preload
  • 14 July 1993 is actually when I started using GL5 transmission oil (so if it really attacks brass, it's had 22 years in my BJ40 to do its dirty work and is still hard at it)
  • 9 Aug 2003 @ 220483kms I removed the handbrake drum due to poor handbrake performance but found no oil inside it ... so I came to the opinion that the poor performance was simply because I hadn't been adjusting it incorrectly by relying totally on the adjustment at the "grab-lever-end" instead of backing that off, adjusting at the drum, and then going back to the grab-lever-adjustment. And back at this time is actually when I first saw the nonsense of applying sealant to the splines and therefore omitted doing so. (Making the decision to omit the silicone on the splines back then had slipped my memory.)
:beer:
 
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I just changed the oil in my transfer case again yesterday and here's the stuff I drained:
OilLater.webp


(It's almost 2 litres because I run a power takeoff and drained that at the same time..)

It's still a little rusty coloured but nowhere near as bad as what I drained from the same components 3 months/3000kms ago as shown here:
Oil earlier1.webp

Oil earlier2.webp


I am still convinced there's been no water inside to account for the rust ... so coming down the speedo cable after I lubed that with grease and oil still makes the most sense to me (although I'm not completely satisfied with that explanation either).

Anyway ... The fresh oil I put in yesterday (which is Castrol EP80W/90 GL5 and the same as I've been using since 1993) can stay there for next 14,000kms (when the rest of the drivetrain is due for an oil change).

:beer:

PS. I can assure you that the oil I put in is always a much nicer amber colour without any sign of rust-colour.!
 
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Thanks Snag



Looks good Marty. ..:clap: (But as you know, I like to keep mine basically stock so such a mod would be far too radical for me.)



Very good-to-know ... Thanks



Thanks for the warning JB.. I am of course living in an area where earthquakes are prevalent too ...

I've decided to drain the transfer oil so once I've done that I can let her back down. Maybe today .. But I'm going to be waiting on parts and have other pressing things to do today.. (Yesterday it was blowing a gale so the dribbling oil was blowing all over the place and I was stinking of the EP-oil-additive all evening at work last night despite having a decent shower before going there. LOL)

Hopefully my mate Pete over in Oz will have the parts I need. (I asked him for the levers, pins and clips yesterday but haven't heard back yet.)

As for the diesel comment ... I think I'm best ignoring that .....:D



Yes. That's right Peter



Rest assured that I'll have my forensic kit (and camera) out when I remove the shoes, levers, springs etc .... and I'll try and come to some conclusion then...

Your input here is valued...



I've gone back and removed what I said about the damage possibly because caused during my recent vehicle inspection. That was unfair (and I was thinking about it yesterday while I was working). The cause could just as well be an assembly problem (caused by me) in previous years because I have most definitely been in there before.



You are indeed correct Johnny. There should be a washer there. At the moment I'm not sure if should sit directly under the C-clip or between the two levers. But anyway, I saw no sign of one when the pin and clip fell out.

So I think you're onto something important here.



Great to know... I am trying to get new parts coming in.

That pin (that fell out) shows tapering-wear to me ....which is likely to impose a shearing-load on the C-clip (aka horse-shoe clip) IMO. The holes the pins sit inside will no doubt have similar wear. Hence my desire at this stage to fit quite a few new parts.

Thanks again to all contributors!!!!! :clap:
You, Sir are a gentleman indeed. I would not have been able to ignore the DSL comment at all--I should learn to be more like you-----
 
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