The pits in goose neck of water inlet cap. Will, fill with coolant, and pits will enlarge and deepen. The hose will also become pitted. Best practice, replace both hose and cap when pitted. Done and good for another ~25 years, if properly serviced.
Always replace the thermostat seal (O-ring fixed around thermostat), even if not replacing thermostat. Torque cap nuts in stages, to 14ft-lbf, making sure seal (with T-stat) get even pressure and doesn't slip down and pinch. As always, jiggle valve within 15 degrees of TDC.
Check the hose also, don't use if pitted.
Second best:
I use on 1282B FIPG bandaid. When replacing a part not practical or not best use of labor at the time.
Fill the pits/holes with FIPG 1282B. Creating a bandaid. As a temporary fix, that does last and last a very long time.
Note: Only one place that calls for FIPG 1282B assembly while wet or it use at all. The water inlet housing to water pump.
We scape, the FIPG 1282B flush while wet in first 3 minutes. Only working to fill in pits. Letting cure/dry overnight before assembling. Do not assemble wet.
Head pitting under water bypass joint.
Water inlet to water bypass. Pitting here, is mostly due to adding FIPG with o-ring, assembling wet. We do not add any FIPG to O-ring, ever. We just create FIPG 1282B bandaid in pits, when we must.
Cleaned, 1282B Pit filled, razored used to scrape flush and dry, ready for assembly.
Block under water pump gasket, is one of those that always gets a bandaid if pitted.