This information is current as of 2010-08-11.
Domestic dogs entering Canada do not have to be quarantined. However, if you are importing a dog, you must meet the following import requirements.
The import requirements apply to pet dogs or those described as personal importations.
They apply to pet dogs entering Canada permanently, as well as pet dogs passing through Canada on their way to a final destination.
This is for dogs over 8 months of age:
Canadian Food Inspection Agency - Importing Domestic Dogs - Dogs Eight (8) Months of Age or Older From Countries Not Recognized by Canada as Being Rabies-Free
Here's the gist:
Dogs may enter Canada if they are accompanied by:
a rabies vaccination certificate.
The rabies vaccination certificate must:
be written in English or French;
be issued and signed by a licensed veterinarian;
identify the animal (as in breed, colour, and weight);
state that the animal is vaccinated against rabies;
indicate the date of vaccination;
indicate the trade name and the serial number of the licensed vaccine; and
specify the duration of immunity (otherwise, it will be considered valid for one year from the date of vaccination).
Additional Information
Canada does not require a waiting period between the time the animal is vaccinated for rabies and the time the animal is imported into Canada.
If the dog does not meet the import requirements relating to rabies certification, owners will be required, at their own expense, to do the following:
have the animal vaccinated against rabies within a specified period of time; and
provide the vaccination record to a Canadian Food Inspection Agency office.