Well, I don't want to take this thread too far off track, maybe when I get some time I'll do some reading.
I DO have ARP head studs in my 22RE. They DO provide more clamping force on the HG, some of that is because they are torqued a little higher than the stock bolts, and part of it is because the E of the steel they use is MUCH higher (stiffer materials). So, with more torque and a stiffer material = more clamping force. At least that's how I see it.
Of course I don't think the studs are a "mistake". They are very useful, in this case they are used to precisely index the diff housing into the axle housing, so it is perfectly aligned and stays that way. You also couldn't use the infamous cone washers on the front hubs with bolts, they need a stud to work correctly. A lot of people curse those cone washers, but they are one of the reasons why AISIN hubs are the best, far better than Warns.
Now, one of the places where I have always wondered about is where the front spindle bolts to the knuckle. Why didn't they use studs here? Surely this is a high-load application, so why aren't there studs here? And, not having studs makes it a pain to re-assemble everything when you service the knuckle. Trail-Mart sells a stud kit, so it's not like they didn't have room for them to be used. Odd...
I also have both of my axles shaved, no drain plugs. I tried using bolts for the bottom 2 holes, but the rocks bashed them too much, couldn't get a wrench on them. I took some spare studs and welded the nuts on, the weld material is much more durable, no troubles yet.

I DO have ARP head studs in my 22RE. They DO provide more clamping force on the HG, some of that is because they are torqued a little higher than the stock bolts, and part of it is because the E of the steel they use is MUCH higher (stiffer materials). So, with more torque and a stiffer material = more clamping force. At least that's how I see it.
Of course I don't think the studs are a "mistake". They are very useful, in this case they are used to precisely index the diff housing into the axle housing, so it is perfectly aligned and stays that way. You also couldn't use the infamous cone washers on the front hubs with bolts, they need a stud to work correctly. A lot of people curse those cone washers, but they are one of the reasons why AISIN hubs are the best, far better than Warns.
Now, one of the places where I have always wondered about is where the front spindle bolts to the knuckle. Why didn't they use studs here? Surely this is a high-load application, so why aren't there studs here? And, not having studs makes it a pain to re-assemble everything when you service the knuckle. Trail-Mart sells a stud kit, so it's not like they didn't have room for them to be used. Odd...
I also have both of my axles shaved, no drain plugs. I tried using bolts for the bottom 2 holes, but the rocks bashed them too much, couldn't get a wrench on them. I took some spare studs and welded the nuts on, the weld material is much more durable, no troubles yet.
