There's actually lots of layers at work and it's easy to get wrong. Factors include the USB physical interface, power spec, power delivery protocol, policy engine, magsafe physical compatibility including case, magsafe spec, charging protocol, temp compensation, etc. The newer phones and magsafe implementations should be able to deliver enough power to both charge and use at the same time, but again, depends on everything ahead of it properly being supported.
To the OP, some of the newer USB specs can deliver over 100W of power. I'm not sure I would splice the small gauge wire and circuit meant for only 1 cigarette lighter at 10A.
I recommend using an
add-a-circuit from the fuse boxes in the footwells. Driver footwell if you want ignition on power, or passenger footwell for constant power.
I wouldn't bother with USB-A any longer. It's not capable of the newer Power Delivery (PD) specs associated with USB-C that every modern device now uses.