Yes and no. Earlier vehicles tended to work like this. Late models are voltage sensitive due to all of their electronics and require the alternator to maintain the system voltage. So late models start off the battery and run off the alternator. Which is why late models have such small batteries and large alternators compared to older models. Because late models are voltage sensitive and their alt's are always running at least a little the regulator in those alts varies the field current to vary the amperage output as needed. Earlier regulators also vary the field current to vary the output, but because the demands tended to be cyclic and the regulator wasn't as sensitive, the alt's output tended to be cyclic too.It's not, you need upgraded wiring to handle the amps.
Here is how a alternator works, the car runs off of the battery, the alternator keeps the battery charged. When the alternator senses the battery is below "X" volts the alternator kicks in at max amps, changes the battery and then stops charging when it senses the battery is at "Y" volts.
The alternator either charges or it does not charge, there is no inbetween. When it charges it is at it's max amps, there is no inbetween.
Now there are exceptions to this rule, there are variable rate alternators, but 99% of all alternators work in this basic manner.
On or off. Charge or not charge.
What is fixed in most automotive regulators is the voltage. Which is bad when you have other than wet lead-acid battery(ies) in the system because not all types want the same bulk, absorption, or float voltages. If you want to range way off this topic look into regulators like the Balmar ARS-5 and the Ample Power Next Step