I do not see where this was ever done. Was this checked?
Also on there is a photo on the first page showing the crank pulley. Looks to have a ton of rust and scale where the belts ride on the crank pulley, but the photo is hard to see. Have you tried cleaning that up some?
I don't see where this had been done.
Has the crank pulley ever been off the truck to your knowledge? Can you see any of the pulleys look like they are wobbling with the engine idling? Those crank pulleys have a woodruff key on the crankshaft to set them and sometimes they can go 'missing'. I think you can crank the nut down to hold them in place for the most part but if its missing it could cause the pulley to move around free on the shaft from what the crank is doing. I have never seen that myself so someone else can chime in on what that would do. Seems like over time it could wear the crankshaft down enough to cause it to wobble. I would think you could visibly see that as the engine is idling (or revved) if the crank pulley were moving around. so again I would check all the pulleys to see if they move straight. You can look at the crank nut to see if the crank itself is wobbling, and then look out a bit from that to the center of the crank pulley itself to see if its moving. Have you checked that the crank nut is tight? The fact that the only belt causing an issue however is the WP belt tells me to look at either the WP pulley setup or the WP itself. Perhaps the WP is seizing up periodically causing your high temp and tearing up the belt. You again should be able to see if the fan, fan pulley, or fan clutch is moving around as the engine is idling. Do you see any evidence that the fan is moving into the fan shroud as it spins (knicks in the fan or shroud)?
I think incorrect belt tension can tear up belts pretty good and of course accessory bearings. Possibly do what you are seeing. I know you are in the 'use the tension gauge' camp but have you considered just eye-balling the tension for now and see what you get? I would follow
@OSS's or
@Willard's advice with regards to tensioning the belts on here, and skip the gauge for these trucks. I did and its worked perfectly. They know of what they speak with 60 series. HTH.