I'll try to post this again, maybe 3rd time's a charm...
Swapped a 3VZ once a few years ago, new water pump, t-stat, radiator. After we got it all buttoned up, started it right up, it idled fine then got really hot. Pulled the top hose off the radiator, steam came out, but the radiator was still stone cold. Hmmm...
Poured almost a gallon of coolant into the top hose so it backfilled the engine. Hooked the hose back up, started and ran fine after that.
My theory was that with the water pump and t-stat being so low, no coolant could flow up into the engine from the radiator when we filled it. Even when the t-stat opened, the water pump wouldn't prime, so it got hot. Now I always backfill engines when they are empty, even my 22RE.
Then about 15 minutes later, the engine sucked a bolt into one of the cylinders. Game over. :-(