Yep, those can be stuck pretty good. I ended up making a puller using a piece of 1/2" x 4" flat bar drilled for long threaded stock that went to the rotated transfercase bolt holes and pushed the trans output shaft, slowly forced it out by going back and forth between my bolts. You want to try to keep it coming straight back although letting it turn on the trans output shaft is OK if it helps you.
Some people have been able to hammer them apart with judicious use of rubber mallets or protected hammers.
Be careful not to break anything, and know that next time will be easier. It's just old varnish/oil that's got it gummy.
Oh, you DID take out the two bolts that are inside the transfercase, right?