Had the exact same problem
It's been about -26 c here the last week or so, and I have been dealing with the same issues as you. Your video is exactly what I was doing to start my rig. Luckily we have other methods of getting around so I haven't had to do it more than 2 or 3 times.
I checked the relays and glow plugs, all seemed fine. Even with my Battery Heater/Lower rad hose heaters plugged in, it was still a bear to start. The last thing I did was added some antigel to my main and subtank 2 days ago, took it for a short drive to warm it up, and then let it sit. Lo and behold this morning after superglowing twice (key in ignition for 15 secs.) she started alot easier. But there is still an issue with fuel delivery i'm suspecting.
What i found when i replaced the fuel filter last week is that after manually priming, i could come back in 5 minutes and the primer would have no pressure again. I am going to replace the clamps on the fuel lines as the hoses are loose, even in cold temps. My suspicion is that the pump just can't pull that cold diesel fast enough to get it to the IP in time for a normal start. The antigel helped a bit, but I wouldn't be surprised if the issue still lies with air in the lines and a weak pump. You may see the same issues.
If a weak pump is the case, you could throw a push pump inline just after the tank. I'm not sure about what pressure you'd like to see coming into the IP but i would but a pressure regulator/dial just before the fuel filter and set it to something low (i know in my carbureted cars i run 7-9psi.) Although fixing the factory puller is probably best because some of the inline pumps are loud and annoying to have on all the time.
Just food for thought, but hopefully you have sorted out your fuel woes already...
I know how much it sucks to have an otherwise super reliable rig go flaky....