Neat, I never thought of it that way, but totally makes sense. Thanks for sharing Dougal! I've learned a lot of the more subtle but important things about diesels/turbos by reading your posts!
Is this also why a diesel torque curve falls off so abruptly beyond a certain rpm? Not so much a volumetric efficiency thing, but rather an efficiency loss from incomplete burning of the diesel during the power stroke of the engine?
Yes that's why diesels drop off power and efficiency at higher rpm. You can advance timing, but it doesn't help enough.
Shorter stroke diesels can run higher rpm as their piston speed is lower.