I've seen several large diesels started without oil in them. Detroit 149 series and 855/ N14 Cummins. Probably 10-15 minutes run time and there wasn't ever any damage to the crank or bearings. There was assembly lube in the engines, but that's it.
In my teens and early 20's I was into things...
No oil or other fluid in the oil pan, I would say 10 miles before knocking gets bad and 15-20 for something real bad to happen. If there's something in the pan the oil pump can pump like coolant or fuel even, you can go a lot further.
Thousands of miles not possible.
An engine that burns oil...