Yeah, that's my take on it too. Going by the witness marks I reckon the circlip popped out first, allowing the gudgeon pin to move across. This made the pin go to single shear instead of double shear and break.
But yeah, either way it is stuffed and needs fixing. I am definitely going to be...
I just blew my 1HZ. Number 5 cylinder. Mine had its gudgeon circlip come out and then the gudgeon broke and destroyed the piston, block, rod, head, etc. Different to all the above but I thought I would add to the thread to show the extra data.
The top of the piston isn't too bad. A couple of very slight marks. Good considering the piston broke and broke the exhaust valve and bent the intake. You can sort of see it in post #28.
In this photo you can a shiny mark outboard from the circlip groove where the circlip must have been sitting. The gudgeon hole outside of the circlip groove is fully shiny and "hammered" where the gudgeon has been bashing away. In the next photo you can see the original finish just outside the...
The big ends are in perfect condition. I reckon the circlip popped out and allowed the gudgeon to walk acroos, snap in half, and then destroy the piston, rod, block, valves, etc.