Update:
I followed TrickyT's advice and looked at the wires between the alternator and the fuse box. All the wires in that loom look like they had faced some extreme temperatures. Very brittle and charred. My guess is the corrosion happened after the charring. Here are the pictures:
I am going to make a trip to NAPA and see what they have for crimp eyelets, and probably Radio Shack for the wire.